Through the decades developing countries have reached important progress in the medical areas thanks to their applied inventiveness, achieving a reputation and establishing themselves as a reference for the medical community. Such is the case of Brazil, which is currently a leading country in cardiology research in Latin America. Research projects in Brazil have contributed in a world-class level and have also started projects that have changed the course of cardiology. This review article takes a general view of the Brazilian avant-garde in Cardiology. Two of the most important institutions in Brazil are taken as reference: The Bioengineering Division of the Instituto Do Coraçao of Hospital das Clínicas in Sao Paulo, Brazil for Design of Biological Prosthetic Heart Valves; and the Instituto Dante Pazzanesse's Hemodynamics Division for Implantation of Heart Valves. These were the institutions that shared their daily work without reserve for improving the medical field. The Instituto Do Coraçao gives a sample of the treatment of porcine heart valves for their posterior decellularization and use as scaffolds, which will be seeded with cardiac cells cultured at the institute lab. The Instituto Dante Pazzanese allowed access to their Hemodynamic Division facility where placement of some Brazilian synthetic valves is realized.